Central Processing Unit (CPUs)

• Most common brands, Intel, ARM, and AMD
• Mobile devices typically run on ARM architectures
• 3.2 GHz = 3.2 billion cycles per second

Architecture Types

• 32-bit
• 64-bit
  • Typically supports both 32-bit and 64-bit application
  • Primary benefit is more memory

Multithreading

• Simulates a second Processor

Multicore Processing

• Multiple cores inside the same CPU box

Parallel Execution

• Threading
  • Fetch Get the data from the EDB
  • Decode Figure out what type of command needs to happen
  • Execute thread calculation
  • Write and send data

Caching

• Modern CPUs have three caches, L1 Cache, L2 Cache, L3, Cache

L1 Cache

• Smallest
• fastest
• inside CPU

L2 Cache

• Medium
• Slow
• Outside

L3 Cache

• Large
• Slowest
• Outside

Integrated Memory Controller

• Helps to provide guidence on how to use memory

Integrated Graphics Processuing Unit

• Some Processors have integrated GPUs along side their CPUs

Security

• NX bit technology enalbed the CPU to protect certain sections of memory
• Data Execution Prevention (DEP) is turned on by default in every Operating System (OS)

Sockets

• Provide a physical interface from the chip to the motherboard set
• Typicallly the sockets are keyed so they cannot be inserted incorrectly the CPU onto the motherboard

Cooling

• Requires Heatsink to move heat away from the processor
• Fan Cooling provides active cooling
• Water Cooling provides active cooling
• Thermal paste
• Heatsink provides passive cooling

Devices

• require heat to be disperssed much faster than a desktop computer.
• Thermal design power (TDP) measured in Watts is used to measure heat generated.

Overclocking

• Voids warrenties
• Systems will carrode sooner than manufacture designed